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Hel

Hel(Old Norse)

Also known as: Hela

Hel
Hel (1889) by Johannes GehrtsArchive

Mythological Narrative

Hel is the daughter of Loki and the giantess Angrboda, sister to the wolf Fenrir and the serpent Jormungandr. The Prose Edda describes her as half flesh-coloured and half blue-black, grim of face. When the gods learned what ruin Loki's three children would bring, Odin threw her down into the mists of Niflheim and gave her authority over the dead of the nine worlds: all who die of sickness or old age come to her, while the battle-slain go to Valhalla and Folkvangr.

Everything in her household is named for misery. Her hall is Eljudnir, 'sprayed with sleet'; her dish is Hunger and her knife Famine; her servants are Ganglati and Ganglot, 'the slow-moving'; her threshold is Stumbling-block, her bed Sickbed, and its curtains Glimmering-bale. After Baldr's death, Hermod rode Sleipnir nine nights through dark valleys and over the gold-roofed bridge of the river Gjoll to plead before her throne. She agreed to release Baldr on one condition: that all things in the world weep for him. One giantess refused, and Baldr stayed in her realm.

Her name in the Germanic tongues means 'the hidden place' and is cognate with the English word hell; Helvete remains the everyday word for hell in the Scandinavian languages.

Scholarly Commentary & Evolution

## Mistress of the Underworld

Hel is the ruler of **Helheim**, the realm of the dead (for those who did not die a warrior's death). She is half living flesh and half rotting corpse.

### The Final Host

When Baldur died, Hermod rode to Helheim to beg for his release. Hel agreed only if every living thing wept for him. Because one giantess (Loki in disguise) refused, Baldur remained in her domain.

Cross-Pantheon Parallels & Archetypes

greek
hades
Both rule an underworld realm that receives the souls of the dead
mesopotamian
ereshkigal
Both are goddesses who preside grimly over a shadowy realm of the dead
japanese
izanami
Both are goddesses who, after their own death, become ruler of an underworld realm that receives the dead
Global Antiquity Records

Classical Art & Museum Artifacts

8 Archival Artifacts Documented

High-resolution museum artifacts, classical sculptures, pottery reliefs, and bronze idols preserving authentic historical representations of Hel.

Bronze statuette of a striding god, possibly Poseidon. Photograph: The Metropolitan Museum of Art.
Inspect Specimen
Greek3rd–2nd century BCE

Bronze statuette of a god, possibly Poseidon

The Metropolitan Museum of Art→
Bronze statuette of the helmeted goddess Athena. Photograph: The Metropolitan Museum of Art.
Inspect Specimen
Romanca. 2nd–3rd century CE

Bronze statuette of Athena

The Metropolitan Museum of Art→
Bronze statuette of the goddess Artemis. Photograph: The Metropolitan Museum of Art.
Inspect Specimen
Greek3rd–1st century BCE

Bronze statuette of Artemis

The Metropolitan Museum of Art→
Marble statuette of the goddess Aphrodite. Photograph: The Metropolitan Museum of Art.
Inspect Specimen
Greek3rd–2nd century BCE

Marble statuette of Aphrodite

The Metropolitan Museum of Art→
Marble statue of Aphrodite in a crouching pose. Photograph: The Metropolitan Museum of Art.
Inspect Specimen
Roman1st or 2nd century CE

Marble statue of a crouching Aphrodite

The Metropolitan Museum of Art→
Terracotta jug in the form of the head of Dionysos. Photograph: The Metropolitan Museum of Art.
Inspect Specimen
Greek or Roman1st century BCE

Terracotta jug in the form of Dionysos

The Metropolitan Museum of Art→
Stone statue of Horus as a falcon sheltering King Nectanebo II. Photograph: The Metropolitan Museum of Art.
Inspect Specimen
Egyptian, Late Period360–343 BCE

Statue of Horus as a falcon protecting King Nectanebo II

The Metropolitan Museum of Art→
Bronze figure of the Buddha sheltered by the hood of a naga. Photograph: The Metropolitan Museum of Art.
Inspect Specimen
Cambodia12th century

Buddha Sheltered by a Naga

The Metropolitan Museum of Art→
Scholarly Symposium & Field Notes

Academic Discussion & Critique

Exchange peer-reviewed hypotheses, comparative Indo-European etymologies, and archaeological field interpretations regarding Hel.

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