Aka Manto

Aka Manto sets a dilemma in the school toilet. From nowhere a voice asks the occupant of the stall, 'Red cloak or blue cloak?', in other tellings red paper or blue paper. Answer red, and you die slashed or flayed, drenched scarlet; answer blue, and you die strangled or drained, blue-faced. Clever children who try 'yellow' are said to be shoved into the bowl. Every color routes to a death; the one exit is to answer 'neither' and run.

The earliest documented outbreak is prewar. In February 1939 a rumor tore through Tokyo's elementary schools that a figure in a red cloak was snatching children at dusk; pupils walked home in groups, schools and police issued denials, and the newspapers of the day recorded the panic. Similar red-cloak abduction rumors had circulated in Osaka earlier in the 1930s. The folklorist Matsutani Miyoko gathered oral accounts from the prewar years onward in her Gendai Minwa Ko: first a street-corner kidnapper legend, Aka Manto moved indoors after the war, merging with an older toilet horror, the disembodied hand offering red or blue paper, to settle into today's question-and-answer form.

Among the school legends of Japan he is the elder statesman, a stratigraphy of rumor: the outer layer a 1930s abduction panic, the core the old sacrificial logic of the toilet as a haunted space. He shares the tiled floor with Hanako-san, one of them asking the questions, the other answering them.